Black Stereotypes Of Modern Media - 1481 Words

Angelique â€Å"AJ† Gordon ETHN 3400 Essay Assignment 1 Anti – Black Stereotypes in Modern Media Stereotypes are defined as an oversimplified image or idea about a specific type of person. It is believed that stereotypes about African Americans began in the United States around the 18th century. Anti-Black stereotypes arguably the most developed racist stereotypes in racial framing and have been used as foundations for the capture, enslavement, and later, the subjugation of African American people. Stating that stereotypes are just a joke is an understatement of the consequential after – math racial images and stereotypes have on the African American population. Even stereotypes that are considered positive are often concealed with negative implications and reasons as to why they exist. Most people may think they only hold stereotypes in the back of their head, but studies show that people are more likely to fall back on them in making judgments when they feel challenged, face uncertainty, or experience sensory overload. Us ing information from class, comparisons from the films we have watched and Ed Guerrero’s Framing Blackness, this paper will analyze the stereotypes in the television show Empire. Empire is an American soap opera drama created by Lee Daniels and Danny Strong. The summary of the show is that hip hop mogul turned CEO Dwight Walker, better known to the public as Lucious Lyon, has been diagnosed with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) when his music company,Show MoreRelatedStereotypes And Stereotypes Of African Americans Essay1468 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen represented in the media with harmful stereotypes which were founded in the slavery era (Cartier, 2014)(Carpenter, 2012). This negative representation invites bias from those who accept the images, the distortion of which is accentuated by both sexism and racism. Black women are the least represented group in cinema, making it easier to rely on stereotypes which encourage societal bias. From these stereotypes, like the Jezebel and Sapphire, stem the â€Å"real world† stereotypes of the welfare queenRead MoreNegative Stereotypes in Reality Television1639 Words   |  7 Pagesthough negative stereotypes overtly saturate this genre of entertainment. The popularity of reality TV shows subliminally support the preconceived or self-fulfilling prophesy consumers may have towards a certain person or group of people. Reality TV has had an extensive run demeaning African Americans while perpetuating stereotypes. More specifically today, black men are portrayed as stereotypical Brute individuals on the reality TV show Love and Hip Hop Atlanta. The Brute stereotype dates back toRead MoreStereotypes And Stereotypes Of The Media997 Words   |  4 Pagesbitch.† said Bette Davis. Stereotype is one of the big issue in our world right now. This quote refers to one of the categories of stereotype that is gender stereotype. As an chinese indonesian I have some experience of being stereotyped just because of my race. The media has 2 side view of media, on the one side it helps people educate about stereotype and on the other side it also promotes stereotype.Stereotype is something that needs to stop, this is because stereotype gives people a misinterpretationRead MoreAfrican American Stereotypes Reality Television1531 Words   |  7 Pages(Dubrofsky, 2006). Now at its peak of growth, reality television evokes ideas of social order and cultural norms to its audiences, while perpetuating racial stereotypes in society (Mendible, 2004). My purpose of the review of literature is to examine and analyze reality television’s influence on people’s perceptions of African American stereotypes. Reality Television Reality based television has a broad landscape ranging from competitive game-like shows to programs following the daily lives of aRead MoreStereotypes And Generalizations Of African Americans1534 Words   |  7 PagesStates’ inception, the negative stereotypes and generalizations of African Americans have been some of the worst examples of racism that has been extremely prevalent in American culture. African American stereotypes date back all the way to colonial American times, where African American slavery was considered to be accepted and practiced. Since then, black people in America have been treated horribly for stereotypes that have deep roots in the mistreatment of black people in American history. AnRead MoreBlack Women‚Äà ´s Identity in American Media and Culture1601 Words   |  7 PagesBlack Women’s Identity in Media and Our Culture When talking about black women’s image in media, what do you think about? Yes there may be many images but are they very many good images of black women. Are these bad images true images? These are all thing that run through my mind when I think of black women images. Sometimes I have to say that yes those bad images are true. I want to explore the different images of black women in Media. Do black women alter their images to look more EuropeanRead MoreBlack Masculinity Essay1209 Words   |  5 Pagesviolence, and images of black masculinity† by Patricia Hill Collins. The author has examined the black experience and how the media misrepresents black men; these effects are still felt in the present. Collins was using different forms of media such as sport, film, and historic events. To help the readers to learn where hyper sexuality, violet, and criminal stereotypes of black male come from. Most people in the United States are aware of many stereotypes and images surrounding black men. These negativeRead MoreThe Media s Influence On Society1654 Words   |  7 PagesMass media is perhaps the most powerful tool in the world for creating, changing or perpetuating society’s ideas about an issue or group of people. It works both blatantly and subconsciously by deciding which issues are important, how to frame those issues, who to show as affected by them, and, increasingly, providing personal commentaries on the matters at hand. Because the majority of media outlets are owned by corporations dominated by white heterosexual men, many minorities are portrayed in waysRead MoreRacism1051 Words   |  5 PagesThe first topic that is going to be addressed is stereotypes and dating. I am more familiar with this topic then the other two topics because I was the once who did the research for our group presentation about this. I came across numerous articles that were very eye opening to me. The first article I will talk about is called, Is Love Becoming Color Blind?. I really enjoyed reading through this article because it had personal examples from three different interracial couples. The first coupleRead MoreThe Diversity Of The Media1418 Words   |  6 PagesAs America grows as a nation, the media must grow with us; our country is encapsulated in sites such as Twitter and Facebook and we hold access to millions of channels on the television. My generation has the world at our fingertips and with that comes knowledge, discussion, and awareness. A common dispute among my peers is the lack of representation of different races and orientations in our white-washed heterosexual cisgender media. Thousands have spoken on this issue, taking different approaches

The United States And Japan - 1622 Words

The decade before World War II saw economic depression grip the most powerful nations on the world. The United States and Japan were no exceptions to this, with one major difference. As an island nation, Japan lacked the resources and raw materials necessary to expand its military and heavy industry, a popular strategy for ending depression and stimulating economic recovery and expansion. As such, Japan turned to military conquest and imperialism to gather the necessary resources. Standing in the way was an impediment long-seen as an obstacle to the Japanese military leadership – the United States. The oil embargo enacted under President Franklin Roosevelt, preventing Japan from receiving oil exports from its largest supplier, proved to be a tipping point that coalesced military strategy around the need to bring war to the American homeland. Along with its overly-ambitious military hopes in the quest to expand an empire recovering from economic depression and in dire need of r esources and raw materials, the Japanese leaders underestimated the will of the Unites States and its allies in fighting a war against their aggression. Mistaking isolationist tendencies for â€Å"softness,† the Japanese failed to consider the rallying effect Pearl Harbor would have on the American spirit, ultimately catalyzing the transformation of the United States from an isolationist power to the protector of democracy around the world. In order to completely grasp the impact the attack on Pearl HarborShow MoreRelatedThe United States And Japan3771 Words   |  16 PagesAfter the atomic bombs had fallen and Japan was smoldering, very few people thought the† land of the rising sun† would ever rise again. However, as history can attest, they were wrong. In the wake of the 1945 bombings, the occupation and subsequent reconstruction of Japan was begun, just a short month later. The reconstruction of Japan was spearheaded by the Supreme Commander of Allied Powers, General Douglas MacArthur, and was formulated before the smoke even cleared .This reconstruction plan openedRead MoreThe United States And Japan1345 Words   |  6 PagesDue to Japan never wanting to surrender to the United States of America, two bombs were dropped on two cities which were Hiroshima and Nagasaki. There were many reasons why the United States decided to launch their nuclear attack. One of those reasons was that they wanted to end t he war and save lives. An invasion would have cost too much and would have had a lot more people killed. Another reason was that the U.S didn’t want another war happening which was going to be Russia vs Japan. They intervenedRead MoreThe United States And Japan902 Words   |  4 PagesIn today world, the United States and Japan have a strong political, economic and military relationship. The United States considers Japan to be one of its closest allies and partners. Both countries are strong economic and political superpowers that help run the world. Both countries also support the preservation of political and economic freedoms as well as the support of human rights. However, despite modernization and American influence, the Japanese way of life is still vastly different thanRead MoreJapan And The United States1026 Words   |  5 PagesJapanese fleets on the U.S. city of Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. This takes place with two rivaling countries, Japan the United States. This pape r will give detail on this tragic event, and how it will end. Cause of Pearl Harbor Japan, after winning against the weak fleets of Russia, the felt powerful over the years. Having dominance over some countries. But what was her deal with the U.S.? To start, Japan increased the need of natural resources including Oil, Minerals, Steel. This also came with theirRead MoreThe United States And Japan1158 Words   |  5 Pagesoutcry from the public and leaders for something to be done to reduce the increasingly growing number of Japanese immigrants in the West Coast. Subsequent regulations placed on the Japanese in the United States made them aggravated. There was serious trouble brewing between the United States and Japan until the Japanese carried out attacks on Pearl Harbour in December 1941. After the attack on Pearl Harbor there was increased spread of propaganda from the press and local leaders against the peopleRead MoreDifferences Between Japan And The United States1605 Words   |  7 PagesDifferences in Business Culture and Ethics Between Japan and the United States Since Japan’s exit from isolation and entrance into global, cross cultural exchange, many aspects of the Japanese culture have been shaped and changed from their original traditionalism. Despite Western influence, however, Japan has been able to maintain a sense of cultural identity through unique practices that are rooted in the original culture. A prime example of this autonomy can be found when observing JapaneseRead MoreDifference Between Japan And The United States858 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferences. The Japanese management was expecting the American workers to be like the Japanese people. They did not quite understand that their are differences between Japan and the United States. The employees here in the United States will not work over time if they don’t get paid for it. In Japan, it is completely different. Japan employees will work for $8 and hour, and seven days a week with unpaid overtime. This is what the Japanese were expecting the workers to be like . There are lots of problemsRead MoreThe Confrontation Between Japan And The United States1493 Words   |  6 PagesThis confrontation between Japan and the United States impacted the battles to come in the Pacific. History has proven the island of Midway to be an important base for many operations during World War II. Had the United States lost this battle, the war may have reached a different outcome. The Battle of Midway proved to be a crucial point for the United States in preventing the Japanese from taking control of the Pacific region during World War II. If Midway had fallen into the hands of the JapaneseRead MoreJapan and the United States: Different but Alike!713 Words   |  3 PagesJapan and the United States:Different but Alike! The culture of a place is an integral part of its society whether that place is a remote Indian village in Brazil or a highly industrialized city in Western Europe. The culture of Japan fascinates people in the United States because, at first glance, it seems so different. Everything that characterizes the United States--newness, racial heterogeneity, vast territory, informality, and an ethic of individualism-- is absent in Japan. There, one findsRead MoreThe United States And Japan s Involvement1687 Words   |  7 Pagesbut watch as the United States dropped the world’s first atomic bomb on his hometown. Three days later, while terror was still raging in Hiroshima, the US dropped a second atomic bomb on Nagasaki. While it may seem inhumane for the US to have used such powerful weapons on Japan, the US had many reasons to use such drastic measures. The United States and Japan s involvement in WW2 led to the eventual use of atomic weapons causing a series of devastating ef fects that changed Japan and the world forever

The Modern Business Management Free Essays

Modern business management can be complicated; it is often as much about instinct as it is about policy. A manager can tell if his or her firm needs improvement in control through a variety of benchmarks: quality, profitability, morale, the performance of individuals within the organization, and the overall performance of the firm in respect to competitors (Gibson, et al, 2003). If improvement is needed, the manager can tell if improvement is needed in several key areas, and steps can be taken for improvement, as follows: Operational: If there is an identified problem within the inner workings of the organization, such as inefficiencies in purchasing, logistics, accounting, etc, this is indicative of operational deficiency that needs to be improved. We will write a custom essay sample on The Modern Business Management or any similar topic only for you Order Now Managers can implement operational improvements by empowering the work teams in these given areas to provide feedback about their tasks, offer improvements and so forth. This information can be combined with process improvements such as lean principles to provide efficiency and better operations. Financial: Financial problems are detected through the accounting process, and can be caused by excessive costs, insufficient revenue, or a combination of both. To correct financial problems, managers can wisely cut costs through productivity improvement and increase revenues through increased sales activity. Structural: Structural problems emerge commonly when the different strategic business units do not work well together to achieve the goals of the organization, supervisors are not reaching established goals, and individual employees are deficient in a given area or areas. These problems can be corrected by management through personnel changes, a change to the company structure itself, or steps to improve the performance of the ineffective employee(s). Strategic: Problems of a strategic nature are seen when the organization is not performing according to established goals, seems to lack direction, and has problems competing against other firms. This can be corrected through evaluation of the currents strategic plan, and improving the plan or developing another if needed. This process should include staff members from all of the strategic units within the firm itself. In its most basic form, quality has been defined as the essential goodness of a product (Evans and Lindsay, 2003). While this definition is easy to understand, it is vague and ineffective when discussing quality within the scope of the modern business environment. A practical, yet simple definition of quality is that quality exists when products or services meet the expectations of the customer for their given purpose. As an example, a disposable cigarette lighter need only be durable enough to provide reliable service until the fuel within it is exhausted. This quality definition reflects back to the classic business assertion that a light bulb can be made to last 100+ years (in fact, an Edison prototype still lights today) but the price of such an item is beyond what someone is willing to pay for the given utility of the ordinary light bulb. This brings up another interesting point that a given quality level is also necessary in order to offer a product or service at a price that the customer is willing to pay based on perceived value. This quality definition affects managers’ behavior because quality control initiatives do not need to exceed the given level of quality that is sought. This affects the strategic planning the manager will undertake, operational costs, the structure of the organization, etc. Overall, quality shapes the organization and the management style of the organization as well. How to cite The Modern Business Management, Essay examples

Organisational Behaviour and Leadership for Drain- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theOrganisational Behaviour and Leadership for Drain Flow. Answer: The job satisfaction is a huge reason for concern on the part of the organisational management as well as on the part of the concerned employee. The job satisfaction of the employees tends to provide the concerned members of the workforce with the needed motivation in the concerned work-related matters (Braun et al., 2013). The employees who are satisfied with their jobs tend to be more productive thereby leading to the conditions of the overall improvement of the concerned company, Drain Flow in this case. The job satisfaction of the workers also helps to keep the employee retention in check thereby helping in the improvement of the efficiency of the organisation as a whole. The job characteristics theory state that the employees of the concern are affected by the five core job characteristics that are identified in the model. The employees of the concern in this case deal with the concerns that arise from the faulty distribution in the skill variety of the company and the significance of the task that is assigned to the concerned members of the workforce of the company (Gillet Vandenberghe, 2014). The employees might be motivated by implementing the measures that deal with the proper assignment of the jobs to the concerned employees of the concern. The company in discussion, Drain Flow, is advised to implement the various measures in rewarding the employees of the organisation on the basis of the work that they might perform at the company. The concerned management of the company is advised to look into the matter that the concerned employees consider the cash rewards to be a medium of recognition and worthy of the effort that they need to put in for achieving the concerned award. The company in this case might implement the cash rewards towards the employees who strive their best to help the company earn the revenues from the concerned clients. The most advantageous point of the financial rewards that are extended to the concerned employees of the business organisation in discussion is the fact that the financial rewards pose to be one of the easiest ways to put forth the sense of motivation in the matters that involve the employees of the concern. The financial rewards might help to provide the staff with the motivation that is needed to perform better by increasing the productivity of the concerned business organisation (Aguinis, Joo Gottfredson, 2013). However, the constant use of the monetary benefits might result in the concerned reward to be considered as an entitlement more than a motivating factor. The company in discussion, Drain Flow, is advised to hire more efficient plumbing staff in order to deal with the various problems that they have been facing in the present times. The company is also advised to hire the various members in the positions of direct contact with the concerned clients of the organisation. The employees of the concern must depict the qualities that pertain to the openness of the staff member towards the solving of the problems that are faced by the concerned clientele of the organisation (Leutner et al., 2014). The employees of the concern might also be advised to display the agreeableness to the various clientele of the organisation. References Aguinis, H., Joo, H., Gottfredson, R. K. (2013). What monetary rewards can and cannot do: How to show employees the money.Business Horizons,56(2), 241-249. Braun, S., Peus, C., Weisweiler, S., Frey, D. (2013). Transformational leadership, job satisfaction, and team performance: A multilevel mediation model of trust.The Leadership Quarterly,24(1), 270-283. Gillet, N., Vandenberghe, C. (2014). Transformational leadership and organizational commitment: The mediating role of job characteristics.Human Resource Development Quarterly,25(3), 321-347. Leutner, F., Ahmetoglu, G., Akhtar, R., Chamorro-Premuzic, T. (2014). The relationship between the entrepreneurial personality and the Big Five personality traits.Personality and individual differences,63, 58-63.

Security as a technology issue in the classroom

Security has always been an issue of great concern for both individuals and organizations. Even before the advent of computer technology, people were highly concerned about their security, and the security of their assets and information related to them. Due to this fact security measures were established to ensure that people, properties and sensitive information were appropriately secured.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Security as a technology issue in the classroom specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the contemporary society, security has become an even important issue due to the increasing use of computers, which come with a security risk (Rao, 2006, p. 45). As people, especially children, increasingly access risky sites like the social media, it is even more important to secure computer systems. This paper is an exploration of the relationship between technology and security, which also seeks to estab lish why it is important for a classroom teacher to know about the security issues that are associable with technology. As much as technology has made life easier, it is can be used manipulatively by malicious people. There are a lot of security issues that have arisen due to the use of technology (Koprowski, 2005, p. 1). One of these issues is hacking. It is the process through which malicious computer programmers attack other people’s computers to obtain personal information that can be used to attack them or even steal from them. Hacking has been a great issue especially in relation to the use of computer technology in financial institutions like banks. Hackers normally use deceptive programs to gain access to computers (Seymour, 2004, p. 37). They are then able to obtain personal information like credit card information which they can use to defraud their victims, or they can even obtain personal information like photos, or sensitive documents which they can use for vario us malicious purposes. Information security is important to a teacher in a classroom environment. A teacher should be very careful about information security particularly because there is a lot of information in the custody of the teacher that students should not access. In the same way, the teacher may also have personal information like private photographs, credit card information, personal identification numbers, etc (Radack, 2006, p. 1).Advertising Looking for coursework on it? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More If a teacher is not careful about information security, some information like examinations, credit card numbers, or even private photos may be accessed by students who may use it maliciously. Other people like fellow teachers may also access information that they are not supposed to access like secret research projects that a teacher may be undertaking, and worse still, some attacks may damage the computer system that the teacher uses (Handschuh, 2004, p. 98). This will make the teacher and the institution as a whole to lose data, which could translate to financial loss, or loss of substantial amounts of time while trying to recover the data. From the discussion above, it is apparent that information security is an important part of any computer system. This is because security loopholes in a computer system may make individuals and organizations lose a lot of money. It can also make organizations lose their goodwill and status since some information may find itself in the hands of people who may misuse it. It is thus important for organizations like schools to employ security measures like firewalls, and even passwords in order to ensure that information is secure. Given the repercussions of having a poor security system in an organization, it is even recommended that organizations and institutions hire information security experts to provide the institutions with information security solutions that will be difficult to manipulate. Reference List Handschuh, H. (2004). Contactless Technology Security Issues. CHI Publishing Ltd, Information Security Issues, Vol. 9, pp. 95 – 100. Koprowski, G. (2005). Study: Data Loss, Network Vulnerabilities Top Security Issues. Retrieved from https://www.technewsworld.com/story/47833.html?wlc=1310305175Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Security as a technology issue in the classroom specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Radack, S. (2006). Security for wireless networks and devices. Retrieved from https://www.nist.gov/itl Rao, V. (2006). Enhancing Computer Security with Smart Technology. Auerback Publications. Seymour, B. (2004). Computer Security Handbook. New York. Barnes Noble. This coursework on Security as a technology issue in the classroom was written and submitted by user Nova Weber to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Role Of The Emperor In Meiji Japan Essays - Meiji Restoration

Role Of The Emperor In Meiji Japan Essays - Meiji Restoration Role of The Emperor in Meiji Japan Japan is a society whose culture is steeped in the traditions and symbols of the past: Mt. Fuji, the tea ceremony, and the sacred objects of nature revered in Shintoism. Two of the most important traditions and symbols in Japan; the Emperor and Confucianism have endured through Shogunates, restorations of imperial rule, and up to present day. The leaders of the Meiji Restoration used these traditions to gain control over Japan and further their goals of modernization. The Meiji leaders used the symbolism of the Emperor to add legitimacy to their government, by claiming that they were ruling under the "Imperial Will." They also used Confucianism to maintain order and force the Japanese people to passively accept their rule. Japanese rulers historically have used the symbolism of the Imperial Institution to justify their rule. The symbolism of the Japanese Emperor is very powerful and is wrapped up in a mix of religion (Shintoism) and myths. According to Shintoism the current Emperor is the direct descendent of the Sun Goddess who formed the islands of Japan out of the Ocean in ancient times.Footnote1 According to these myths the Japanese Emperor unlike a King is a living descendent of the Gods and even today he is thought of as the High Priest of Shinto. Despite the powerful myths surrounding Japan's imperial institution the Emperor has enjoyed only figure head status from 1176 on. At some points during this time the Emperor was reduced to selling calligraphy on the streets of Kyoto to support the imperial household, but usually the Emperor received money based on the kindness of the Shogunate.Footnote2 But despite this obvious power imbalance even the Tokugawa Shogun was at least symbolically below the Emperor in status and he claimed to rule so he could carry out the Imperial rule.Footnote3 Within this historical context the Meiji leaders realized that they needed to harness the concept of the Imperial Will in order to govern effectively. In the years leading up to 1868 members of the Satsuma and Choshu clans were part of the imperialist opposition. This opposition claimed that the only way that Japan could survive the encroachment of the foreigners was to rally around the Emperor.Footnote4 The Imperialists, claimed that the Tokugawa Shogunate had lost its imperial mandate to carry out the Imperial Will because it had capitulated to Western powers by allowing them to open up Japan to trade. During this time the ideas of the imperialists gained increasing support among Japanese citizens and intellectuals who taught at newly established schools and wrote revisionist history books that claimed that historically the Emperor had been the ruler of Japan.Footnote5 The fact that the Tokugawa's policy of opening up Japan to the western world ran counter to the beliefs of the Emperor and was unpopular with the public made the Tokugawa vulnerable to attack from the imperialists. The imperialists pressed their attack both militarily and from within the Court of Kyoto. The great military regime of Edo which until recently had been all powerful was floundering not because of military weakness, or because the machinery of government had broken but instead because the Japanese public and the Shoguns supporters felt they had lost the Imperial Will.Footnote6 The end of the Tokugawa regime shows the power of the symbolism and myths surrounding the imperial institution. The head of the Tokugawa clan died in 1867 and was replaced by the son of a lord who was a champion of Japanese historical studies and who agreed with the imperialists claims about restoring the Emperor. Footnote7 So in 1868 the new shogun handed over all his power to the Emperor in Kyoto. Shortly after handing over power to the Emperor, the Emperor Komeo died and was replaced by his son who became the Meiji Emperor.Footnote8 Because the Meiji Emperor was only 15 all the power of the new restored Emperor fell not in his hands but instead in the hands of his close advisors. These advisers such as Prince Saionji, Prince Konroe, and members of the Satsuma and Choshu clans who had been members of the imperialist movement eventually wound up involving into the Meiji Bureaucracy and Genro of the Meiji Era.Footnote9 Once in control

Air pollution control Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Air pollution control - Essay Example Smog is combination of smoke and fog. Smog can be seen with a human eye. It is always brownish in colour and may be seen in some areas in the shape of haze. Automobile industry has seen a lot of advancement in last few decades. Automobile and industrial fumes are the two biggest reasons for air pollution. Finally, with the integration of car emissions and industrial fumes, a new substance is created in the air, known as â€Å"Photochemical Smog†. Photochemical smog is made with the reaction between sunlight and oxides of nitrogen Air pollution has become a global problem as smoke and vehicle emissions travel very fast from one place to another. Vehicle emissions and industrial fumes are the main contributing factors towards the warming of the planet. Causes of air pollution and solutions to curtail the problem shall be discussed in the succeeding paragraphs. Vehicles and air pollution Innovations that are related to the automobile industry brought about many changes in human l ife and in the environment. Motor vehicle emissions are the major causes of polluting the air. Number vehicles in industrialized cities are increasing at a rapid speed, which is alarming for the future of life on the planet. Patrol vehicles mostly discharge two types of pollution. First is in the shape of exhaust emissions that includes carbon monoxide and oxides of nitrogen. ... Smoke coming out from the exhaust pipe of vehicle spreads incompletely burnt chemicals in the air. This causes danger to human life and rising quantity of carbon monoxide damages the plants and other vegetation. The pollution which arises from burning of gasoline in the vehicles acts as slow poison. It poisons our food and the chains of food which are related to us (Kaufman, 2004, 62,63). A research held by United States Governmental organization show that there is a much massive amount of mercury and other harmful substances present in the flesh of fish. The major cause of presence of harmful substances is the industrial pollution, which goes to air and then comes back to the streams, rivers and seas. Major causes of smoke exhaustion from a vehicle are old spark plugs, dirty air cleaner, damaged fuel filters, old piston and rings that are not working properly. Vehicles and industries produce almost 90% of world’s pollution. Therefore, vehicle pollution causes lungs cancer, re spiratory problems, urban smog and acid rain. Lead is another cause of pollution when vehicles use leaded gasoline. Lead is the major cause of hypertension and cancer. These diseases are more common in urban areas as large emission from vehicles takes place in urban areas. Vehicle emissions are the main contributors of overall warming of the planet. This global warming may cause a lot of damage to food chain. Storms, floods, rising of sea levels and fluctuating weather conditions are the outcome of global warming (Davis, 2002, 74, 75). Through the last few years, there is a rise in the temperature of the earth by one degree on the Celsius scale. The rise in the temperature caused many problems to the habitat of colder areas. The glaciers all around the world are melting day by day at a

See attachment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

See attachment - Essay Example According to an online publication, the public sector has been a leader in asset management practices for a long period. The private sector has been lagging behind with players having little interest in the theory. Consequently, there was a lot of mismanagement of resources in the private sector in comparison with the public sector that was achieving sanity at the time. Government agencies had been empowered to investigate public corporations that were mismanaging funds. The agencies were mandated to carry out an audit of the resources that had been allocated to public companies to detect discrepancies that were costly. They made an inspection of government institutions such as the police department, public hospitals, and local authorities among other areas that the government played an imperative role. A task body was formed in the United Kingdom to try and establish the importance of asset management to the strategic plans of an organization and its contribution to profits. The fin ding of the report indicated that although technical skills contributed significantly to the performance of an organization, the role of asset management towards the success of an organization could not be ignored. Consequently, the importance of asset management is one of the factors that stirred the University that investigated correlation Between asset management and the performance of an organization. The study unearthed shocking findings of the notion of asset management. It was created that a majority of people were unaware of the roles asset management played to the success of a business entity2. Despite the fact that the research came up with incomplete evidence, similar studies were carried out in the 1990s.Meaningful recommendations were arrived at that saw companies adopt cost cutting measures in production processes. In addition, new methods of managing physical assets were

Discuss the portrait of al-Hajjaj Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Discuss the portrait of al-Hajjaj - Essay Example Although al-Hajjaj is commonly considered a villain notorious for his relentless brutality, the portrait we obtain from the primary texts is not that simple and transparent, instead, the texts create a complicated image of the province governor illustrated in various situations. Thereby, ambiguities in portrayal can be explained by certain bias in attitude of the texts’ authors towards the governor. Many scholars assert that the commander was an extremely brutal and cruel governor, who caused numerous deaths and imprisonments in the course of his life. This assumption finds its confirmation in the texts, where we see that the commander is believed to be liable for a â€Å"hundred and twenty thousand† executions (Schroeder, p. 229). Many other situations described in the text provide evidence of al-Hajjaj’s bad temper and brutality: after defeating Ibn Zubayr in Mecca, al-Hajjaj is told to have killed and gibbeted him in the street. In a similar way, while coming to Kufa, he immediately executed the old man, who sprang on the corpse of Othman. Furthermore, we see numerous mentions of Hajjaj’s nasty character in the narratives, for instance, that of Ubayd son of Abu Mukhariq, who calls the commander â€Å"a fearsome master† (Schroeder, p.220). However, despite nasty character and brutality, which became his most famous feature, the commander seems to p ossess reason and a pinch of mercy in his nature, as it can be traced in the sources. For instance, as Hajjaj is in need of wise advise concerning the inheritance, he eventually rules according to the fairest of options: he is told to have given â€Å"each heir an equal third† of the inheritance. This fragment was told by al-Sha’bi, whose figure is rather controversial in terms of his relation to the Umayyads. Sha’bi probably supported the rebellion in Kufa, then fled to Khurasan and later returned to the Umayyad court willing to serve in the administration. Here,

The Economic, Social and Environmental Impacts of Tourism in Thailand

The Economic, Social and Environmental Impacts of Tourism in Thailand Identify the economic, social, and environmental impacts of tourism on Thailand Thailand is a very popular tourist destination. Nowadays, the world is experiencing a shift away from traditional patterns of international tourism because of increased wealth and access to travel and as a result and as TEFLAsia illustrates, Thailand is now in fact Southeast Asias biggest tourist destination. The reasons for its popularity as written by STA Travel (2003) include the ancient architecture, warm hospitality, savoury cuisine and overall natural beauty. Amongst computer parts, garments, rice and jewellery, tourism is one of the major industries of Thailand and is heavily relied upon. Thailand also receives higher levels of tourists as demographics change; older people travel more, more leisure time is available for individuals and because travel has become more sophisticated. Although, this has led to the development of more infrastructure and only now are governments and individuals alike becoming more aware of Thailand’s environmental, social and economic situations. This essay will establish the different impacts and effects that tourism has on Thailand. There are numerous positive and negative effects of tourism on Thailand’s environmental, social and economical situation. The most recent and obvious impact on Thailand’s economy has been the Tsunami disaster on 26th December 2004. The result of this disaster, according to Thadani, M (2005), will see the decline in the number of tourists who will visit Thailand in the coming years. Other negative impacts of tourism include the possibility of raised inflation so it is essential that the Thai government ensures that local people are employed to keep the money and skill within Thailand. Tourism accounts for 12.2% of Thailand’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and nearly, nine per cent of the population is employed within the tourism industry, a higher proportion of people to be affected if Thailand’s tourism industry collapses. Although, tourism in Thailand creates many jobs, these jobs are often poorly paid with little job security and have low career status. Ho wever, on a positive stance, tourism supports other industries such as agriculture because individuals are paid to supply extra food to accommodate tourist needs. This confirms that tourism is an essential industry for Thailand and in order for the country to prosper they need to attract the tourists, to avoid economic downturn. Further, without tourists Thailand would be significantly different and the more remote areas would suffer because tourists act as an economic catalyst for other areas of Thailand as well as the more popular resorts such as Phuket. Tourism can also be used as a tool for Thailand’s economic growth through improved conditions for the host community and will raise the profile of the country which will improve the level of service that can be provided. However, the Tsunami is not the only disaster/ event to affect Thailand in recent years. The country has also had to deal with the indirect effects of the September 11th 2001 crisis, followed by the SARS outbreak and also the Bali bombing attacks in 2003. All of which has reduced the number of tourists to Thailand. The effects of September 11th lead to a decline in outbound travel to Thailand, mainly from America and the SARS virus reduced all tourism to Asia except essential travel. After these events 2004 was showing signs of increased travel to Thailand until the Tsunami. As said by Thadani, (2005) the Thai Government were making efforts to invite tourists back to the country weeks after the disaster in a bid to prevent economic disaster. On a more positive note for tourism and the Thai economy, the country appears to be working towards recovery despite having lost nearly 10,000 people (unofficial estimates), many of who were international tourists. Thadani (2005) suggests that the government is keeping the actual death toll low so that tourists are not deterred from travelling to Thailand, which heavily relies upon the income from tourism. Thailand is estimated to lose US$260 million a month as a result of this disaster, which could destroy the economy and create irreversible effects to the local community. However, it must be noted that although popular destinations such as Phuket and Krabi were badly effected, other hotspots like Bangkok, Samui Island and Chiang Mai, Pattaya remain completely booked. Tourism brings many negative social impacts to Thailand as a host country of tourism. Firstly, tourism brings a change in characteristics of the host community. For example, many locals sell drugs to tourists as a way of earning money. The World Bank Office of Thailand recognises that, drug pushing creates problems such as anti-social behaviour, increased crime and reduced safety. This has an effect on tourist numbers as many will not travel to countries which are deemed unsafe. Further, as tourism grows in Thailand many businesses have moved from being run locally to being owned by national or international companies which creates leakages in the Thai government with less spending money going back into the Thai economy. Moreover, Thailand has seen an increase in staged authenticity for the tourists; local traditions have become a product for the tourist, which is slowly destroying the original culture in Thailand. Another, negative affect on tourism, according to Graham (2003) is th e demonstration effect which creates a long term effect on the local community by being exposed to different cultures and wealth. This changes locals’ behaviour and needs and may for example encourage the Thai people to dress differently or abandon their religion. However, tourism in Thailand has enabled the locals to earn money from the chores they initially completed in the home, such as cooking and cleaning. This has increased the living potential of many in the host community. Further, locals have a chance to mix with wealthier individuals which can give them an insight into what can be achieved if tourism is a success in Thailand. As Thailand relies so heavily on the income from tourism, the tourists’ needs outweigh those of the hosts. Therefore, Thailand is creating facilities at a fast rate to cope with visitor numbers. However, the locals and the government must realise that Thailand’s environment forms the attraction for people to visit the country. According to STA Travel (2003), over-development on Ko Phi Phi is starving the coral reefs of sunlight and smothering the surface in pollutants: the destruction of the reef is a small example of the problems occurring throughout Thailand and blamed on tourism. If Thailand’s natural beauty is not preserved tourist will likely travel to other destinations in the future. Other negative impacts include the deterioration in air and water quality, mainly due to air traffic and the urbanisation of natural areas. A good example of this is Krabi; it was fairly undiscovered but now hotel resorts are quickly being erected which is diminishing much of the natural environment that pre-existed. However, these newly developed areas do have a proper sewage disposal facility which earlier tourism developments did not which illustrates the Thai’s awareness of the need for environmental protection due to the impacts of tourism. The following example further shows peoples’ awareness of Thailand’s environment being affected by tourism because in May 1999, STA Travel describes how protestors packed the beach where the filming of The Beach was taking place. Environmentalists were concerned that filming would destroy the delicate eco-balance of the beach. These areas of natural beauty could well be conserved if awareness is created about the need for their protection due to increased tourism. This would create positive environmental impacts as Thailand can control and maintain its environment. An example of this is the Golden Temple which is located in Bangkok, Thailand’s capital. Through a visit I discovered that donations and government money are set aside to restore this building, which would otherwise be neglected. In essence it seems that Thailand is aware of the increasing number of tourists over the years and is therefore trying to facilitate this by increasing the country’s infrastructure. The government should ensure they regulate developments to ensure that every new hotel, business and attraction is built in keeping with the local style otherwise tourist will lose interest in Thailand. In accordance with Holden, (2000) Thailand needs to comply with four main requirements in order to ensure tourism is sustained. Firstly, it is essential that Thailand remains prosperous and maintains its original culture. This is likely to reduce the negative effects from tourism because and secondly, tourists will continue to demand trips and be attracted to Thailand. Thirdly, nothing must be done to the ecology; it must be protected in order for the natural beauty to remain and lastly, Thailand must ensure that it has an effective political framework in place. The abovementioned categories are used to establish issues and indicate if tourism has a positive or negative effect on the area in question. Holden describes that the impacts of tourism on Thailand can be identified by establishing the relationship between the natural environment, the local economy and tourism. To further explain the Thai economy is dependent upon tourism, if the country builds sufficiently and maintains env ironmental quality the country will likely benefit from a well balanced tourism industry. If the tourism factors which affect Thailand are better managed, it will create sustainable tourism in Thailand. According to the UNEP (2002), managing tourism destinations is an important part of controlling tourisms environmental impacts. As written by OurWorld, the tourism boom has had a negative effect on the Thai environment and as a result the government now manages ecotourism. Better management of tourism impacts will allow the Thai Government to better plan the use of their land, implement effective environmental regulations and rejuvenate buildings. Every environment in any country cannot be preserved intact, therefore it is necessary for the Thai government to use its resources sparingly within its limits of regeneration and natural growth. Furthermore, according to UNEP, the Thai government should establish licence fees for fishing and use these funds to maintain the forests and wildlife in Thailand. Better management of tourism facilities, especially hotels, will allow Th ailand to preserve its buildings and natural beauty. I agree with the UNEP that by Thailand planning early for tourism development, damaging and expensive mistakes can be prevented, avoiding the gradual deterioration of environmental assets significant to tourism. In every respect, tourism has the opportunity to increase public appreciation of the environment in Thailand and spread awareness of environmental, social and economical problems. As already mentioned tourism has a massive impact on the host community. It is also possible to better understand the impact of tourism on the tourist. Tourism in Thailand is becoming mass tourism and thus will become a greater income generator for the host community allowing them to improve their lifestyles. However, Buddhism is strongly indented into the Thai culture and tourism has not effected or changed the religion, which shows signs of a strong culture. The influence of tourism on the host community has however taken its toll as Thailand’s economy, amongst other aspects, has become too dependent on tourism and according to OurWorld people feel that change and development due to increased tourism is happening too fast. Moreover, the rapid change is due to the tourists’ increase need for tourism and their demand for better facilities and long haul holidays. These negative impacts have led the Thai government to introduce proper legislation to protect the poor Thai people and prevent tourists from destroying Thailand. According to ThaiTour, the government is looking to establish a ‘multi-agency’ task force to stop the confusion among the many different tourism departments in Thailand. In all it is evident that many tourism factors are contributing to both positive and negative impacts upon Thailand. It is important that the country realises the problems and take steps to sustain tourism. The key is to find a balance to manage the effects of tourism on the country. The type and volume of tourists that Thailand attracts and their activities and behaviour in the country will influence the nature of their impacts. Effective planning, development, management and marketing of tourism are essential to optimise the positive impacts and control and reduce the negatives. Further, the more we educate the tourists and the local community about the effects of tourism the better chance of Thailand succeeding in sustainable tourism, a stable economy and protected environment. Bibliography

A Rebuttal to E. R. Dodds On Misunderstanding the Oedipus Rex Essay

A Rebuttal to E. R. Dodds' On Misunderstanding the Oedipus Rex In "On Misunderstanding the Oedipus Rex," E. R. Dodds takes issue with three different opinions on Oedipus Rex. I consider the first two opinions, which Dodds gleaned from student papers, to be defensible from a close reading of the text. The first of these opinions is that Oedipus was a bad man, and was therefore punished by the gods; Dodds counters that Sophocles intended for us to regard him as good, noble, and selfless. But the play would seem to indicate that Oedipus, while a clever man, is not a good one -- this can be shown through Dodds' own source of argument, the attitude of the chorus, as well as through Oedipus' own actions onstage. Oedipus does not, as Dodds asserts, unselfishly seek out the truth even though he knows it will be painful for him; rather, he has no idea what the outcome of his search will be, denies the truth at every turn, and threatens those who speak it. The second conclusion drawn by students -- that Oedipus' actions are entirely determined by the gods , who control him completely -- Dodds pooh-poohs on the grounds that Oedipus is a free agent, acting on his own initiative. In fact, Dodds states, the idea of free will vs. determinism is a Hellenistic thought and would not have even occured to an audience of Sophocles' time. I believe that, as all of Oedipus' actions, including those over the course of the play, were determined before his birth, and he cannot avoid them although it is his will to do so, those actions cannot be construed as real choice. This play contains many post-Sophoclean ideas, such as denial, that (while not yet named by Greek society) still were understood by the audience. In his rebuttal of the first opi... ... look at it as Greeks would, isn't this the same as saying that the play is meaningless to today's readers? One of the wonders of classic texts is that every generation will find something new in them. This should not be looked upon as a sign of students' ignorance, but rather of their ingenuity. Works Cited and Consulted Dodds, E. R. "On Misunderstanding the Oedipus Rex." Twentieth Century Interpretations of Oedipus Rex: A Collection of Critical Essays. Ed. Michael J. O'Brien. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1968. 17-29. Hamilton, Edith. Mythology: Timeless Tales of Gods and Heroes. New York: Penguin Books, 1940. Knox, Bernard M. W. The Heroic Temper: Studies in Sophoclean Tragedy. Berkeley: U of California Press, 1964. Sophocles. "Oedipus Rex." An Introduction to Literature, 11th ed. Eds. Sylvan Barnet, et al. New York: Longman, 1997. 800-836.

Marketing Metrics Answers

Metrics Mastery Worksheets are designed to be in class exercises that your students can work on in class. This is a master document that provides all worksheets questions and answers. You can modify or change it as needed in order to prepare one page two sided exercises for your students to hand out in class. You can also easily turn the answers into powerpoint slides to review the answers in class. Table of Contents Worksheet: Metric 1 Expense Types2 Worksheet: Metric 2 Percentage Change5 Worksheet: Metric 3 Market Share & Market Analytics8 Worksheet: Metric 4 Contribution Margin11Worksheet: Metric 5 Mark-up & Margin14 Worksheet: Metric 6 Pricing Wholesale to Retail17 Worksheet: Metric 7 Break-Even20 Worksheet: Metric 8 Return on Marketing Investment (ROMI)23 Worksheet: Metric 1 Expense Types 1) The Comfy Chair Company makes reclining chairs at its plant and sells them exclusively through its own retail store. It has the following expenses: Plant rent and taxes = $12,000. 00 Office and management expenses = $220,000. 00 Machinery and equipment purchased = $100,000. 00 Direct materials = $27. 00/chair Direct labour = 4 hours/chair @ $14. 00/hour Transportation = $5. 0/chair Commercial store front unit purchase = $500,000. 00 Advertising costs = $100,000. 00 Sales staff wages before commissions = $250,000. 00 Commission = $12. 00/chair a) Identify the Comfy Chair Company’s variable costs. b) What is the total cost to produce and sell each reclining chair? c) Identify the Comfy Chair Company’s fixed costs. d) What are the total fixed costs? e) Identify the one-time fixed costs incurred by the Comfy Chair Company. f) What are the total one-time fixed costs? Answer: (a)Direct materials = $27. 00/chair Direct labour = 4 hours/chair @ $14. 0/hour Transportation = $5. 00/chair Commission = $12. 00/chair (b)$100. 00/chair (c)Plant rent and taxes = $12,000. 00 Office and management expenses = $220,000. 00 Advertising costs = $100,000. 00 Sales staff wages = $250,000. 00 (d)$582,000. 00 (e)Machinery and equipment purchased = $100,000. 00 Commercial store front unit = $500,000. 00 (f)$600,000. 00 2) Thompson Toiletries, Inc. has developed an addition to its mens’ cologne line tentatively branded Ode d’Toad Cologne. It costs 45 cents to produce each 60mL bottle, and heavy advertising expenditures in the first year would cost $900,000.Ode d’Toad Cologne is priced at $7. 50 for a 60mL bottle. a) What is the variable cost per unit to produce a bottle of Ode d’Toad? b) What are the total fixed costs to produce and sell Ode d’Toad? Answer: (a)Variable cost per unit = $0. 45 (b)Total fixed costs = $900,000 3) Executives of Radical Recordings Ltd. produced an album entitled Sunshine/Moonshine by the Starshine Sisters Band. The cost and price information was as follows: |Album cover |$1. 00 | |Songwriter’s royalties |$0. 0 | |Recording artist’s royalties |$0. 70 | |Direct material and labour cost s to produce each album |$1. 00 | |Cost of producing the album (studio fee, advertising, promotional|$100,000. 00 | |expenses, etc) | | |Selling price |$7. 00 | ) Identify the variable costs, and amounts, that go into producing each album b) Identify the fixed costs, and amount, for producing the album Answer: a) Variable costs: Album cover$1. 00 Songwriter’s royalties$0. 30 Recording artist’s royalties$0. 70 Direct material and labout$1. 00 Total Variable Cost per Unit$3. 00 b) Fixed costs: Cost of producing the album = Total Fixed Costs = $100,000. 00 4) You are the owner of a travel agency that sells trips to university students. You are creating a package to sell an overnight trip to Blue Mountain. Identify the fixed and variable costs associated with the package ased on the information below. After identifying the costs, calculate the total cost based on 3 full busses of students. The package will include ski lift tickets, access to a VIP party and one night†™s hotel accommodation. It will cost you $300 to print 1,000 full colour posters and another $400 to purchase party supplies for the VIP Party. Each room costs $80 per night, with four people per room. A bus holds 40 people and the bus company will charge you $500 per bus. The ski hill is offering you a rate of $20 per ski lift pass. You also know that you need to purchase a ? page ad in the campus paper at a cost of $100 per week for 6 weeks. Variable Costs |Total |Fixed Costs |Total | |(description & Unit Cost) | |(Description) | | |Busses ($500/bus) |$1500 |Posters |$300 | |Hotel Rooms ($80/room) |$2400 |Party Supplies |$400 | |Ski lift passes ($20/pass) |$2400 |Newspaper ad ($100/wk) |$600 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Total Variable Costs |$6300 |Total Fixed Costs |$1300 | Worksheet: Metric 2 Percentage Change 1) Ed’s is a small deli, which has had great success in its second year of operation. Revenues in Year 2 are $570,000, compared with $380,000 in Year 1. What is Ed’s year-over-year sales growth rate? Answer: Year-over-Year Sales Growth = (Year 2 – Year 1) / Year 1 * 100% = ($570,000 – $380,000) / $380,000 * 100% = 50% 2) A pair of jeans that normally sells for $75 is marked down 30% and then reduced at the cash register another 10%?Is this a total reduction of 40%? If not, what is the percent reduction? Answer: Let Price 1 be the initial price of $75, let Price 2 be the price after the 30% mark down, and Price 3 be the price after additional 10% reduction at the cash register. Initial Reduction = -30% = (Price 2 – Price 1) / Price 1 -0. 3 = (Price 2 – $75) / $75 -0. 3 * $75 = Price 2 – $75 Price 2 = -0. 3 * $75 + $75 = $52. 50 Second Reduction = -10% = (Price 3 – Price 2) / Price 2 -0. 1 = (Price 3 – $52. 50) / $52. 50 -0. 1 * $52. 50 = Price 3 – $52. 50 Price 3 = -0. 1 * $52. 50 + $52. 50 = $47. 25 Total Percent Reduction = (Price 3 – Price 1) / Price 1 * 100% = ($47. 5 – $75) / $75 * 100% = 37% 3) A small retain chain posts impressive percentage growth figures, moving from $58 million to $107 million in sales from one year to the next. Despite this dynamic growth, however, analysts cast doubt on the firm’s business model, warning that its existing stores’ growth measure suggests that its concept is failing. Based on the chart below, and assuming that stores were opened on the first day of Years 1 and 2: What is the retail chain’s year-over-year sales growth rate? What is the year-over-year sales growth or decrease for each store, as appropriate? What is the same store (existing and not expansion) year-over-year growth? Store |Opened |Revenue Year 1 (millions) |Revenue Year 2 (millions) | |A |Year 1 |$10 |$9 | |B |Year 1 |$19 |$20 | |C |Year 1 |$20 |$15 | |D |Year 1 |$9 |$11 | |E |Year 2 |n/a |$15 | |F |Year 2 |n/a |$12 | |G |Year 2 |n/a |$7 | |H |Year 2 |n/a |$18 | | | |$58 |$107 | Answer:Chain-wide Year-over-Year Sales Growth = (Year 2 – Year 1) / Year 1 * 100% = ($107 – $58) / $58 = 84. 5% Store A Year-over-Year Sales = (Year 2 – Year 1) / Year 1 * 100% = ($9 – $10) / $10 = -10% Store B Year-over-Year Sales = (Year 2 – Year 1) / Year 1 * 100% = ($20 – $19) / $19 = 5. 26% Store C Year-over-Year Sales = (Year 2 – Year 1) / Year 1 * 100% = ($15 – $20) / $20 = -25% Store D Year-over-Year Sales = (Year 2 – Year 1) / Year 1 * 100% = ($11 – $9) / $9 = 22. 22% Same Store Sales Year 1 = $10 + $19 + $20 + $9 = $58 million Same Store Sales Year 2 = $9 + $20 + $15 + $11 = $55 million Same Store Year-over-Year Growth = (Year 2 – Year 1) / Year 1 * 100% = ($55 – $58) / $58 = – 5. 17% ) Do you agree with the analysts’ position regarding the retail chain in question 3, why or why not? If you were the owner of the retail chain would you continue to open stores? If not what would you do? Answer: – Agree with the analysts. Existing stores sales decreased from Year 1 to Year 2; growth declined 5. 17%. – I would not continue to open stores. I would address the decline in revenue / find out why the stores have negative growth in year 2. Worksheet: Metric 3 Market Share & Market Analytics Use the industry overview below to answer the questions that follow: Mobile Phones in the United States The mobile phone market in the United States covers the sales of mobile phone devices, smart phones, and PDAs (personal digital assistants).Table X below provides the annual sales volume of mobile phones from 2004 to 2009. Table XX details the market share of the top handset manufacturers. Table 1: US Mobile Phones: Sales Volume & Value 2004-2009 | |2004 |2005 |2006 |2007 |2008 |2009 | |‘000 units |66,556. 1 |87,543. 1 |110,228. 1 |120,629. 4 |130,309. 9 |134,673. 5 | |US$ bn |4. 1 |5. 4 |6. 9 |8. 3 |10. 1 |10. 6 | Table 2: Mobile Phones Company Shares 2005-2009 % retail revenue share |2 005 |2006 |2007 |2008 |2009 | |Samsung America Inc |15. 7 |15. 1 |17. 3 |22. 1 |25. 4 | |L. G. Electronics USA |15. 9 |16. 5 |15. 2 |20. 6 |21. 5 | |Motorola Inc |30. 4 |34. 8 |33. 5 |22. 8 |16. 4 | |Kyocera International Inc |5. 4 |4. 9 |4. 0 |9. 2 |9. 9 | |Research in Motion Ltd |0. 7 |1. 1 |2. |6. 0 |9. 0 | |Apple Inc |- |- |- |4. 9 |7. 4 | |Nokia United States |15. 4 |18. 1 |12. 5 |7. 5 |6. 5 | |Sanyo North America Corp |4. 3 |4. 2 |4. 5 |- |- | |Apple Computer Inc |- |- |1. 4 |- |- | |Others |12. 1 |5. |9. 0 |6. 9 |3. 8 | |Total |100. 0 |100. 0 |100. 0 |100. 0 |100. 0 | 1) What is the annual 2009 revenue in dollars of the top 4 mobile phone companies? Answer: Revenue Market Share (%) = Revenue ($) / Total Market Sales Revenue ($) Revenue ($) = Revenue Market Share (%) * Total Market Sales Revenue ($) Samsung America Inc: Revenue = 25. 4% * $10. 6 billion = 0. 254 * $10. 6 billion = $2. 6924 billion L. G. Electronics USA: Revenue = 21. 5% * $10. 6 billion = 0. 215 * $10. 6 bill ion = $2. 279 billionMotorola Inc: Revenue = 16. 4% * $10. 6 billion = 0. 164 * $10. 6 billion = $1. 7384 billion Kyocera International Inc: Revenue = 9. 9% * $10. 6 billion = 0. 099 * $10. 6 billion = $1. 0494 billion 2) If the performance of the US mobile phone market is expected to continue to grow from 2009 to 2012 at a rate of 5% per year, what will the size of the market be by the end of 2012? Answer: Revenue 2009 = $10. 6 billion Revenue 2010 = Revenue 2009 + 5% * Revenue 2009 = $10. 6 billion + 0. 05 * $10. 6 billion = $10. 6 billion + $0. 53 billion = $ 11. 13 billion Revenue 2011 = Revenue 2010 + 5% * Revenue 2010 = $11. 13 billion + 0. 05 * $11. 13 billion = $11. 3 billion + $0. 5565 billion = $11. 6865 billion Revenue 2012 = Revenue 2011 + 5% * Revenue 2011 = $11. 6865 billion + 0. 05 * $11. 6865 billion = $11. 6865 billion + $0. 584325 billion = $12. 270825 billion = $12. 271 billion 3) Large retail chains form a leading distribution channel in the US mobile phone marke t, accounting for 28% of the total value in 2009. In comparison, wireless service providers account for 23%, independent retailers 15%, and other sources account for 32%. Based on the 2009 revenues for the mobile phone market in the US, what is the share of revenue in dollars for each of the different distribution channels? Answer:Revenue Market Share (%) = Revenue ($) / Total Market Sales Revenue ($) Revenue ($) = Revenue Market Share (%) * Total Market Sales Revenue ($) Large Retail Chains: Revenue = 28% * $10. 6 billion = 0. 28 * $10. 6 billion = $2. 968 billion Wireless Service Providers: Revenue = 23% * $10. 6 billion = 0. 23 * $10. 6 billion = $2. 438 billion Independent Retailers: Revenue = 15% * $10. 6 billion = 0. 15 * $10. 6 billion = $1. 590 billion Other: Revenue = 32% * $10. 6 billion = 0. 32 * $10. 6 billion = $3. 392 billion 4) Calculate the Three Firm Concentration Ratio and the Herfindahl Index for the US Mobile Phone market (using 2009 market share values).What can you infer about the market concentration from these two metrics? Answer: Three Firm Concentration Ratio = 25. 4% + 21. 5% + 16. 4% = 63. 3% Herfindahl Index = Sum ([market share)(2] = Sum (. 254(2 + . 215(2 + . 164(2 + . 099(2 + . 090(2 + .074(2 + . 065(2 + . 038(2) = 0. 167 With the top 3 companies accounting for 63. 3% of the market and a Herfindahl Index of 0. 167 the market is not highly concentrated. 5) You have just become the Director of Retail Sales for a large US retail chain. What impact will the growing sales of mobile phones have on your business? Answer: – With a 5% increase per year, impact will be minor. Large retail chains sell thousands of products. There will likely be a similar increase in related products, such as chargers, skins, cases, travel chargers, prepaid phone cards, etc. – There may be a need to increase inventory levels and shelf space devoted to mobile phones and related products – There may be a slight increase in consumer flow i nto stores, which would affect cross and upselling other products to consumers walking in for mobile phones. Worksheet: Metric 4 Contribution Margin 1) Mohan, an artist, draws caricatures on the waterfront pier. It costs him approximately $5 in materials (paper and markers) for each caricature he makes. He sells each caricature for $20. Calculate the contribution margin in terms of dollars and percent. Answer: Contribution Margin ($) = Revenue – COGS = $20 – $5 = $15Contribution Margin (%) = [Contribution per Unit ($) / Sale Price per Unit ($)] * 100% = [(Sale Price per Unit – Variable Cost per Unit) / Sale Price per Unit] *100% = [($20 – $5) / $20] * 100% = [$15 / $20] * 100% = 0. 75 * 100% = 75% 2) The Hotel Grill Bar sells a set lunch for $12. The food cost of sales used in producing each set lunch is $5. Additional variable costs are $3 per lunch. The fixed costs of the restaurant are $3 per meal. What is the contribution margin expressed in dollars a nd percent? Variable Expenses = $5 + $3 = $8 Contribution Margin ($) = Revenue – Variable Expense = $12 – $8 = $4Contribution Margin (%) = [Contribution per Unit ($) / Sale Price per Unit ($)] * 100% = [(Sale Price per Unit – Variable Cost per Unit) / Sale Price per Unit] * 100% = [($12 – $8) / $12] * 100% = $4 / $12 * 100% = 0. 33 * 100% = 33. 3% 3) You are an online retailer of CDs, promoting sales via a ‘no postage and packaging’ offer. You purchase your CDs from record companies for $18. 75. Packaging and a padded envelope cost $1. 00 per CD; and postage is $2. 00. If you sell the CDs for $25 what is your contribution margin in dollars and percent? Variable Expenses = $18. 75 + $1. 00 + $2. 00 = $21. 75Contribution Margin ($) = Revenue – Variable Expense = $25 – $21. 75 = $3. 25 Contribution Margin (%) = [Contribution per Unit ($) / Sale Price per Unit ($)] * 100% = [(Sale Price per Unit – Variable Cost per Unit) / Sa le Price per Unit] * 100% = [($25 – $21. 75) / $25] * 100% = [$3. 25 / $25] * 100% = 0. 13 * 100% = 13% 4) You are the owner of an exclusive nightclub that is considering holding a New Year’s Eve party. You have determined that you need a minimum contribution margin of 40% in order to turn a profit for a single night event at your club.Additionally, in hosting all-you-can-eat and all-you-can-drink events in the past, you know that the food cost is $20 per person and the beverage cost is $17 per person. Finally, the house band charges a fee of $5 per person in attendance. What should you charge for a ticket? Answer: Variable Expenses = Food + Beverage + Band = $20 + $17 + $5 = $42 Contribution Margin (%) = [Contribution per Unit ($) / Sale Price per Unit ($)]* 100% = [(Sale Price per Unit – Variable Cost per Unit) / Sale Price per Unit] * 100% 40% = [(Sale Price per Unit – $42) / Sale Price per Unit] * 100% 0. 0 * Sale Price per Unit = Sale Price per Unit – $42 $42 = Sale Price per Unit – 0. 4 * Sale Price per Unit $42 = (1 – 0. 4) * Sale Price Per Unit Sale Price per Unit = $42 / 0. 6 Sale Price per Unit = $70 5) As the owner of the nightclub in question 4, you learn that a neighbouring nightclub is selling tickets for their New Year’s Eve party at $60/ticket, which is making your event less attractive. Should you lower your ticket price to match theirs given the variable costs in question 4 and knowing that your fixed costs will be $20/person? If not, why not and what might you do to increase tickets sales? Answer: No. The nightclub would lose $2 per ticket sold if they matched the neighbouring club’s price.To increase sales: – Reduce ticket price and reduce variable costs (lower priced food, drink, band) – Ensure that event is differentiated in a way that justifies the premium ticket price – Perhaps the other club is not offering all-you-can-eat or all-you-can-drink, or the b and is not as well-known, if that’s the case, ensure that your potential customers are aware of the differences Worksheet: Metric 5 Mark-up & Margin 1) A computer software retailer uses a markup rate of 40%. If the retailer pays $25 each for computer games sold in its stores, how much do the games sell for? Answer: The markup is 40% of the $25 cost, so the markup is: (0. 0) * ($25) = $10 Then the selling price, being the cost plus markup, is: $25 + $10 = $35 Therefore the games sell for $35. 2) A golf pro shop pays its wholesaler $40 for a certain club, and then sells that club to golfers for $75. What is the retail markup rate? Answer: The gross profit in dollars is calculated as sales price less cost: $75 – $40 = $35 The markup rate is then calculated: Markup (%) = Gross Profit / Cost *100 = $35 / $40 *100 = 87. 5% 3) A shoe store uses a 40% markup on cost. Find the cost of a pair of shoes that sells for $63. Answer: The cost of the shoes is calculated as follows: Se lling Price = Cost + Markup ($) Cost + (Markup (%) * Cost) $63 = Cost + (40% * Cost) $63 = Cost + (0. 4 * Cost) $63 = (1 + 0. 4) * Cost $63 = 1. 4 * Cost Cost = $63 / 1. 4 = $45 4) In 2009, Donna Manufacturing sold 100,000 widgets for $5 each, with a cost of goods sold of $2. What is the company’s margin? Identify a way that Donna Manufacturing can increase its profit margin? Answer: First we have to calculate the gross profit: Gross Profit = Selling Price – Cost of Goods Sold = $5 – $2 = $3 Now we can calculate the margin: Margin (%) = Gross Profit / Sales * 100 = $3 / $5 * 100 = 60% Ways to increase the profit margin: – Decrease cost of material – Decrease cost of manufacturing Increase sales price per unit – Decrease COGS 5) If a product costs $100 and is sold with a 25% markup at a retail store, what would be the retailer’s margin on the product? What should be the markup and selling price if the retailer desires a 25% margin? Why might the retailer be seeking to increase their margin? Answer: a) To calculate the margin, we first have to determine the sales price: Markup ($) = Markup (%) * Cost = 25% * $100 = $25 Selling Price = Cost + Markup ($) = $100 + $25 = $125 Margin (%) = Markup / Price * 100 = $25 / $125 * 100 = 20% Therefore the retailer’s margin would be 20% when the product is sold at a 25% markup. ) To calculate the markup and selling price at a 25% margin: Selling Price = Cost / (1 – Margin (%)) = $100 / (1 – 25%) = $100 / (1 – 0. 25) = $133. 33 Markup ($) = Selling Price – Cost = $133. 33 – $100 = $33. 33 Markup (%) = Markup ($) / Cost * 100 = $33. 33 / $100 * 100 = 33. 33% Therefore to obtain 25% margins, the product would have to be sold at $133. 33 with a markup of 33. 33%. c) Reasons for increase include: – Increase in fixed costs (rent, tax, commission, wages, etc. ) – Increase in demand and/or decrease in supply – Other compet itors/retailers charge more for the product and the higher margin is a result of increasing sales price to match Worksheet: Metric 6 Pricing Wholesale to Retail ) You are a manufacturer of widgets that sells your products to a wholesaler who in turn sells directly to retailers. You have developed a new widget and you know that your competition’s product retails for $23 in hardware stores. You know yours is slightly better, and are pretty sure your product could sell for $27. Assuming a retail margin of 33. 3% and a wholesale margin of 25%, what is the wholesaler’s selling price, and how much can you sell the widgets to the wholesaler for? Answer: If the suggested retail price of the widget is $27, then: Wholesaler Selling Price ($) = Retail Selling Price * [1 – Retail Margin (%)] = $27 * (1 – 33. 3%) $27 * (1 – 0. 333) = $18. 00 Manufacturer Selling Price = Wholesale Selling Price * [1 – Wholesale Margin] = $18. 00 * (1 – 25%) = $18. 00 * (1 – 0. 25) = $13. 50 2) As a small appliance manufacturer, your cost to manufacture and package your coffee maker is $10/unit. You want this to be a cash cow, so you decide to sell the coffee maker to your wholesaler for $19/unit. You know that the wholesaler’s margin is 25%, and that retailers typically take 33. 3% margins on small appliances. What will your coffee maker retail for rounded to the nearest whole number? Answer: Manufacturer Selling Price = Wholesale Selling Price * [1 – Wholesale Margin]Wholesale Selling Price = Manufacturer Selling Price / [1 – Wholesale Margin] = $19 / (1 – 25%) = $19 / (1 – 0. 25) = $25. 33 Wholesale Selling Price = Retail Selling Price * [1 – Retail Margin] Retail Selling Price = Wholesale Selling Price / [1 – Retail Margin] = $$25. 33 / (1 – 33. 3%) = $25. 33 / (1 – 0. 333) = $37. 98 Therefore the coffee maker will retail for $38. 00 3) A bearing manufacturer buys raw ma terials for $0. 50 per unit, turns the raw materials into a roller bearing, and then sells the bearings to a wholesaler for $1. 00 per unit. The wholesaler then sells the bearings to retailers for $2. 00 per unit, and finally consumers buy the bearings for $3. 00 per unit.What is the per unit margin in dollars for the manufacturer, wholesaler and retailer? What is the percentage margin for the manufacturer, wholesaler and retailer? What is the per unit margin in dollars and percentage margin for the entire chain? Answer: (a) Manufacturer margin ($) = $1. 00 – $0. 50 = $0. 50 Wholesaler margin ($) = $2. 00 – $1. 00 = $1. 00 Retailer margin ($) = $3. 00 – $2. 00 = $1. 00 (b)Manufacturer margin (%) = $0. 50 / $1. 00 * 100 = 50% Wholesaler margin (%) = $1. 00 / $2. 00 * 100 = 50% Retailer margin (%) = $1. 00 / $3. 00 * 100 = 33. 3% (c)Chain margin ($) = $3. 00 – $0. 50 = $2. 50 Chain margin (%) = $2. 50 / $3. 00 * 100 = 83. 3% 4) If the raw material cost goes up by $0. 5 per unit for the bearing manufacturer in question 3, what will be the retail price charged to consumers if all members in the chain maintain the same percent margin? What is the effect of the raw material increase to the consumer? Why is it important to understand channel margins and pricing practices? Answer: (a) Manufacturer margin = 50% Wholesaler margin = 50% Retailer margin = 33. 3% Raw material cost = $0. 50 + $0. 25 = $0. 75 Manufacturer margin = (Price – Cost) / Price * 100 50 = (Price – $0. 75) / Price *100 0. 5 * Price = Price – $0. 75 $0. 75 = Price – 0. 5 * Price $0. 75 = Price (1 – 0. 5) Price = $0. 75 / 0. 5 = $1. 50 Therefore the manufacturer sells the bearings for $1. 50 Wholesaler margin = (Price – Cost) / Price * 100 50 = (Price – $1. 0) / Price *100 0. 5 * Price = Price – $1. 50 $1. 50 = Price – 0. 5 * Price $1. 50 = Price (1 – 0. 5) Price = $1. 50 / 0. 5 = $3. 00 Therefore the whol esaler sells the bearings for $3. 00 Retailer margin = (Price – Cost) / Price * 100 33. 3 = (Price – $3. 00) / Price *100 0. 333 * Price = Price – $3. 00 $3. 00 = Price – 0. 333 * Price $3. 00 = Price (1 – 0. 333) Price = $3. 00 / 0. 667 = $4. 50 Therefore the retailer sells the bearings for $4. 50 (b) The price has increased by $1. 50 to the consumer (or 50% increase). (c) To evaluate the effects of price changes within the channel to the end consumer. Worksheet: Metric 7 Break-Even ) Apprentice Mousetraps wants to know how many units of its â€Å"Magic Mouse Trapper† it must sell to break even. The product sells for $20. It costs $5 per unit to make. The company’s fixed costs are $30,000. Answer: Break-Even Volume (#) = Fixed Costs ($) / Contribution per Unit ($) Contribution per Unit = Sales Price per Unit – Variable Cost per Unit = $20 – $5 = $15 Break-Even Volume (#) = $30,000 / $15 = 2,000 mousetraps 2) Apprentice Mousetraps wants to know how many dollars’ worth of its â€Å"Deluxe Mighty Mouse Trapper† it must sell to break even. The product sells for $40 per unit. It costs $10 per unit to make. The company’s fixed costs are $30,000. Answer:Break-Even Revenue ($) = Fixed Costs ($) / Contribution Margin (%) Contribution Margin (%) = Contribution per Unit / Selling Price per Unit Contribution per Unit ($) = Price per Unit – Variable Cost per Unit = $40 – $10 = $30 Contribution Margin (%) = $30 / $40 * 100 = 75% Break-Even Revenue ($) = $30,000 / 75% = $40,000 -OR- Break-Even Revenue ($) = Break-Even Volume (#) * Price per Unit ($) Break-Even Volume (#) = Fixed Costs ($) / Contribution per Unit ($) Contribution per Unit = Sales Price per Unit – Variable Cost per Unit = $40 – $10 = $30 Break-Even Volume (#) = $30,000 / $30 = 1,000 units Break-Even Revenue ($) = 1,000 * $40 = $40,000 3) John’s Clothing Store employs three salespeople.It gene rates annual sales of $1 million and an average contribution margin of 30%. Rent is $50,000. Each sales person costs $50,000 per year in salary and benefits. How much would sales have to increase for John to break even on hiring an additional salesperson? Answer: If the additional fixed cost of a salesperson is $50,000 and with an average contribution margin of 30%, then: Break-Even Revenue ($) = Fixed Costs ($) / Contribution Margin (%) = $50,000 / 30% = $166,666. 67 Therefore sales would have to increase by $166,666. 67 for John to break even on hiring an additional salesperson. 4) A corn farmer wishes to identify how many bushels of corn he must sell to cover his fixed cost at a given price.The farmer has costs consisting of $500 in real estate taxes, $700 interest on a bank loan, and $800 in other fixed expenses. The variable cost per bushel is $1, and covers labour, corn seed, herbicides and pesticides. If the price per bushel is $2, how many bushels must he sell to break even? Answer: Break-Even Volume (#) = Fixed Costs / Contribution per Unit Fixed Costs = $500 + $700 + $800 = $2000 Contribution per Unit ($) = Price – Variable Cost per Unit = $2 – $1 = $1 Break-Even Volume (#) = $2000 / $1 = 2000 bushels 5) If the farmer in question 4 sells only enough bushels to break even, what is his annual profit? Identify two ways the farmer could increase his annual profit.Answer: Farmer’s annual profit = $0. The farmer could increase his profit by: – Growing more corn – Increasing the price he charges per bushel – Reducing his costs: – Pay off loan or find lower interest rate – Reduce labour costs – Find lower seed costs – Find lower herbicide and pesticide costs – Changing to a more lucrative crop – Find alternative use for the land that offers a better return Worksheet: Metric 8 Return on Marketing Investment (ROMI) 1) A marketer is evaluating two marketing campaigns. It is esti mated that Campaign 1 would generate incremental revenues of $250,000, at an incremental cost of $50,000 and a contribution margin of 30%.Campaign 2 would generate incremental revenues of $50,000, at an incremental cost of $20,000 and a contribution margin of 50%. If the marketer is basing their decision solely on ROMI, which campaign should they go ahead with? Answer: ROMI for Campaign 1 is found by: ROMICampaign1 = (Incremental Revenue * Contribution Margin – Cost) / Cost = ($250,000 * 30% – $50,000) / $50,000 = 50% ROMICampaign2 = (Incremental Revenue * Contribution Margin – Cost) / Cost = ($50,000 * 50% – $20,000) / $20,000 = 25% Therefore the marketer should select Campaign 1. 2) A clothing retailer is considering investing in a newspaper advertising campaign to generate more sales.The campaign is expected to cost $3,000 in creative agency fees and $9,000 in circulation costs, while increasing revenues from $110,000 to $170,000. The retailer’s contribution margin averages 25%. What would be the return on the marketing investment of the newspaper campaign? Answer: Incremental Revenue = $170,000 – $110,000 = $60,000 Marketing Costs = $3,000 + $9,000 = $12,000 ROMI = (Incremental Revenue * Contribution Margin – Cost) / Cost = ($60,000 * 25% – $12,000) / $12,000 = 25% 3) An alternative option for the clothing retailer (in the previous question) is to invest in a direct mail campaign targeting previous customers – only a fraction of the reach of the newspaper campaign .The cost of the direct mail campaign would be $1,000, but would only result in increasing revenues to $150,000. What is the return on marketing investment in this case? Answer: Incremental Revenue = $150,000 – $110,000 = $40,000 ROMI = (Incremental Revenue * Contribution Margin – Cost) / Cost = ($40,000 * 25% – $1,000) / $1,000 = 900% 4) If the clothing retailer (in the previous questions) decides to execute both the newspaper and direct mail campaign what would be the combined return on marketing investment. Answer: Newspaper Incremental Revenue = $60,000 Direct Mail Incremental Revenue = $40,000 Total Incremental Revenue = $60,000 + $40,000 = $100,000 Total Cost = $12,000 + $1,000 = $13,000ROMI = (Incremental Revenue * Contribution Margin – Cost) / Cost = ($100,000 * 25% – $13,000) / $13,000 = 92. 31% 5) Which campaign should the clothing retailer in the previous questions execute for maximum return on marketing investment? If the retailer is more concerned with maximizing revenue growth, should they execute the newspaper campaign, direct mail campaign or both? Why? Answer: a) Direct mail campaign (900% ROMI) as it is significantly greater than the newspaper campaign (25%) and combined execution (92. 31%). b) Execute both as the revenue increase is $100,000; greater than the $60,000 as a result of the newspaper campaign and the $40,000 as a result of the direct mail campaign .

homer oral or written tradidio essays

homer oral or written tradidio essays It is possible, on the other hand, that some lesser use of the new technique of writing was the determining factor in the ability to compose such long and complex poems out of pre-existing and much shorter oral songs. Many critics do not accept this however. The huge gap in quality as well as quantity being the main factor. In essence, the poems belong to an oral culture, whether or not their monumental form owes something to the main poet's ability to compose with the help of writing. These poems were to some extent transcribed orally too; these were works that continued to be knows, erratically and incompletely perhaps "by heart". Once they were produced, the poems had a stifling effect on their simpler, more typically oral predecessors. The memory of earlier songs and poems were all but obliterated. Among those that contributed to this were the Iliad and the Odyssey. If this was so, then their appearance before the translation from an age of literacy to one of partial literacy seems less strange. The polis, or city-state, emerged as the main focus of loyalties that had earlier been directed toward persons and families, toward feudal archetypes that still reflected some of the glow of the heroic world of Homer (Kirk 3). Emphasis on the oral nature of the Iliad and the Odyssey must be present for the understanding of the poems as poetry, as works of literature in the broader sense, and as vast and erratic forces in the cultural history of the ancient world. Any man never spoke the language of Homer. It is an artifical, poetical construction of phraseology and vocabulary that originated at different dates over a period of at least 200 and perhaps as much as 500 years (Kirk 4). Some parts of it are highly conventional and consist of fixed or formiluar phrases. Precisely how far the formular system extended, and where it merges with the symbolic and repetitive aspect of all language remains a question; but the need for literate ...

TV and Reality Different but OKay essays

TV and Reality Different but OKay essays Sex, luxury, and drama sells. But by watching television shows are we putting fantasy thoughts of reality in our head? Isnt that why we watch television in the first place? No one wants to turn on the television and see chubby, middle class citizens go to a cubicle for 10 hours a day, sit in rush hour traffic, get drunk every Friday night with the boys, and spend the rest of the time on the John. I think they had a few movies like that in the last few years, what were they called? Oh yes, Box Office Flops! The media distorts the real life to make a profit. Watching the television shows: E.R, Dawsons Creek, The real world Frasier, and Ally Mcbeel, Ive come to the realization that people like to watch sex, money, and action drama, and to have a hit television show, you have to cover all of these aspects. SEX. Sex sells. On every show, there was some reference, or act of sex. Mainly casual, often, and between single adults, these acts were repeated at least twice in a episode. Ally Mcbeel wears tight shirts, and skinny shirts to attract the opposite, and in one occasion, the same sex. Billy and his secretary (in Ally Mcbeel) hit the sac twice in one episode. In the same episode, two male lawyers discussed how they each wanted a 3-some with two lesbians, and to attract a client Billy rented 6 escorts to make him appear powerful, and pimp like. On E.R, A woman attracted to one of the doctors dropped her pencil, only so she could bend over and showoff her ass. On Frasier, Frasier plays slow music, dims down the lights, and opens a bottle of wine in hopes of getting lucky for the evening. On The Real World things heat up in a hot tub for two, and on Dawsons Creek, most of the episode took place in the evening, or in a poorly lighted area so they could...

Strategic Management & Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Strategic Management & Marketing - Essay Example We focus on, satisfying our clients’ demands, for the benefit of our employees and shareholders, thus fulfilling our corporate social sensitivities and commitments† (Tsakos Group-b, 2010). Owing to its scale and efficiency of operations that are controlled from Bermuda, Panama, Uruguay, England, Romania, Ukraine, Ghana, South Korea, Japan, Philippines and of course Greece (Tsakos Group-c, 2010), and through a commendable fleet of seventy eight ships (Tsakos Group-d, 2010) that consist of tankers, LNGs, dry cargo vessels and containers, the company currently enjoys a position among the top three Greek companies that are involved in ship management. Moreover, Tsakos is globally significant by being counted among the ten leading tanker companies. It has been observed that the political environment prevailing in Greece is largely stable, albeit â€Å"Greece has long been at odds with its close neighbour, Turkey, over territorial disputes in the Aegean and the divided island of Cyprus† (BBC, 2010). Despite the fact that in terms of per capita GDP Greece ranks globally 26th, the recent financial crisis has taken a toll on the nation’s economy and â€Å"Greece continues to face a large competitiveness gap which has been accompanied by a marked deterioration in the external current account balance† (Honjo & Chua, 2008, pp.2). The social tenets of Greece are quite strong and its people are mostly religious. High rates of literacy make the nation competent enough to make forays into the global arena in terms of trade and economy. It is a noteworthy fact that there has been a strong and almost inseparable association between Greece and the art and trade of shipping, since time immemorial. Owing to this fact, mar itime trade has remained a key component of the Greek economy since ages. The significance of shipping to Greece can be appreciated from the words of Capt. Panagiotis N. Tsakos, who himself hails from a family associated with this business

HOW DANGEROUS IS SMOKING FOR YOUR HEALTH Research Paper

HOW DANGEROUS IS SMOKING FOR YOUR HEALTH - Research Paper Example Further, it would be interesting to find out how the hot vapor containing fine particles of carbon directly and specifically affect human organs. Its implications to health would also be analyzed through the illnesses and diseases it inflicts. And finally, when people have realized the health hazards of smoking, this essay would explore ways and means to prevent and ultimately stop smoking. Historians traced the origins of smoking from the Mayan Indians of Mexico from as early as the 600 to 900 A.D. (Glantz 1) Tobacco, being the original source for a smoke, was grown as a cash crop in 1612 where the settlers of the first American colony in Jamestown, Virginia started cultivating and growing them. (Glantz 2). By 1800s, historians revealed that people started using tobaccos for various purposes such as: for chewing, smoking in a pipe, hand-rolled as a cigar or cigarette. According to Glantz, â€Å"the first commercial cigarettes were made in 1865 by Washington Duke on his 300-acre farm in Raleigh, North Carolina. His hand-rolled cigarettes were sold to soldiers at the end of the Civil War.† (Glantz 3). The invention of the cigarette making machine in 1881 by James Bonsack paved the way for the widespread production of cigarettes. His partnership with Washington Dukes son, James "Buck" Duke, initiated the establishment of the first tobacco company in the US, the American Tobacco Company. (Glantz 4) Tobacco, is first and foremost, the main ingredient in a cigarette. Tobacco is a leafy green plant widely grown in warm climates. In the planting phase alone, tobacco is already bombarded with chemicals, fertilizers and insecticides to ensure that the plant grows free from insects. In the manufacturing process, the chemicals are added for flavors and to make them combustible. Jacobs averred that â€Å"there are over 4,000 chemicals in cigarettes. 51 of them are known to be carcinogenic. A carcinogen

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The controversy of using non-human primates in medical research - Essay Example They are useful in safety testing of new drugs and substances meant for human medication and dentistry (Arnold, 2012). The urgency that is there in the development of vaccines, antibiotic drugs and antiretroviral for the current crop of new diseases facing humans, primates are used. HIV, malaria, and tuberculosis attribute their research success on the use of primates. Experiments with primates are important in studying of the human brain and organ transplant in human beings (Arnold, 2012). The other reason why primates are used in animal testing is their similarity to human beings since they share 98 percent of human genes (Arnold, 2012). Primates and humans develop in a similar manner in their infants and young stages and this makes them a rich source of reference and testing of drugs for use by infants and children (Arnold, 2012). Due to their similarity immune system to that of human beings, primates are the most suitable species to conduct studies on various infectious

The development of an individual Essay Example for Free

The development of an individual Essay Income, money is always a problem when theres not enough of it, Money will always have an impact on peoples lives, In the UK there are millions of people still living in poverty, even with all the benefit schemes in place. Physically: Adults with a low with a low income may be slightly more overweight than someone with a higher income due to the fact that they cannot spend money on gyms, healthy foods and so on, if they have children theyre most likely to follow the same way. Its been proven that those who live in poorer areas dont live as long. Intellectually: With the education today (mainly universities) prices are increasing largely. Those who are the lower class wont benefit as much as those whom are in the higher class. This includes both teenagers and adults. Emotionally: Not bringing in a lot of money can affect you seriously; it can make you depressed, worried, sad, it may also make you lose motivation instead of gaining it. Being an adult you have larger responsibilities than a teenager, Adults with a family have to support each person within that family and with a low income this can become impossible. Socially: Younger people will find it harder in these areas due to the appearance the present and it may end up in conflict towards society i. e. gangs, robberies, drug dealing and so on. Where as adults have the whole financial problems on the shoulders. No matter what they do theyll always be stuck for money, which then also impacts their childrens lives. Nutrition and dietary choices, its always in the media; telling us how to look; what to eat; what to wear, but who said people have to look a certain way, I agree yes that if you are overweight youre cutting your years shorter however theres people out there that are that perfect Size-Zero who may smoke or drink excessive amount of alcohol which probably shortens your life even more. Physically: Both adults and teenagers may be able to do more things such as sports and so on. If an adult smokes or drinks they are lowering the lung capacity and heightening the risk of cancer. Intellectually: It may persuade you to go to work or get a job in the first place, due to you mood and how much you like to socialise with people. Most people who are doing more manual jobs are more likely to smoke rather than those who work in offices and so on. Emotionally: Diets arent all that bad; they can improve your moods and make you feel great about yourself, but they can also do the opposite if you cant lose the weight that you want to. Adults and teenagers are getting similar in terms of dieting, most adult want to look good and teenagers are now starting to read the media and become anxious about how they look. Socially: You may also socialise a lot more than usual as well especially if you go to gyms on a regular basis, youre bound to meet new people and make friends. Even though its bad for your health, smokers are more likely to meet new people due to the smoking ban and having to go outside.

Challenges to Sri Lankas Economic Growth

Challenges to Sri Lankas Economic Growth SRI LANKA’S MAIN CONSTRAINTS TO BE AN â€Å"ECONOMIC MIRACLE OF ASIA† WITHIN NEXT FEW YEARS Normally economic growth of a country is measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in one year. GDP is the total amount of final goods and services produced in one year within the country. When we consider Sri Lanka GDP, it is as follows. The largest contribution to this GDP is from the service sector. In 2013, it contributed by 58% for total GDP. In this service sector wholesale and retail trade, transport, communication, banking, insurance and real state are the segments of this service sector. The next sector is industry. It contributed by 30% of total GDP with manufacturing, mining and construction. Agriculture, livestock, forestry and fishing contributed by the remaining 12%. When we comparing these values with the previous year(2012) values, there is no a big difference between them. After the end of three decades of civil conflict, Sri Lanka is trying to main aim of this be the â€Å"Economic Miracle of Asia†. A main aim of this target is, reaching per capita income around US $ 4000 and achieving US $ 18 billion exports by 2016. To achieve such an income, the GDP per capita should be double as the current value. For that the growth rate of GDP should be double. But when we consider the growth rate of GDP of Sri Lanka it seems the growth rate is nothing of the sort of doubling by 2016. In 2012 DGP growth rate was 6.35%. In 2013 it showed a 7.2 % GDP growth. In the first quarter of 2014 there was a 7.6% of growth rate according to the Department of Census and Statistics. By these values we can see there is increment of growth rate by one digit when it comes to 2013 from 2012. But this increment is no sufficient to get the required income level. As well as it seems, that Sri Lanka is not going to achieve her target of being the â€Å"Economic Miracle of Asia† within next few years. A main reason of this failure is lack of technology. Sri Lanka has to invest on technological inventions and productions much more than now. Sri Lanka has more natural resources as well as human capital to gain such a high technology. Currently what happens, most of natural resources are exported and import the finished goods made using that resources. And since there are no suitable occupations for the skilled, mindful people they try to go for foreign jobs or satisfy with a low quality job. Since of this brain drain, Sri Lanka falls more down. By exporting natural goods such as graphite, ore iron and importing finished goods of them make a huge loss to the country. We find foreign exchange by exporting them, but we need more than that income to import the finished goods of them. If we can invest money for new technologies and production ways we can save that money within our country and get a good income by exporting the finished goods. We know the developed countries such as USA, UK even Japan has no much of natural resources. They import those resources and using their technologies manufacture products with high qualities and export them for high values. This is the time for Sri Lanka to increase the power of technology to become the â€Å"Economic Miracle of Asia†. Another important factor is most of people tend to get imported goods because they are low price than the locals. By this tendency our money easily goes to other countries. In the past Sri Lanka was self-sufficient with foods since the high agriculture. But now most of foods items such as onion, dhal, sugar even sometimes rice are imported instead of planting them. Because of these reasons we loss lot of our money. We can see some huge manufacturing plants in Sri Lanka. But we should be careful to check whether they actually give a high profit to us, because they may be only established on our land and may give the profit to another country. As an example there was a glass company owned to Sri Lanka, Ceylon Glass Company and now it is converted to Piramal Glass owned by an Indian company. So a high portion of profit goes to that company. If it is owned by Sri Lanka it will give the full profit us. Currently Sri Lankan main exporting income is produced by migrant workers. Over 250 000 migrant workers have been employed overseas, most of them are housemaids. They supported to GDP in 2012 by 10%. In US dollars it is 6.1 billion. Apart from that now the only product which Sri Lanka is famous for, is cinnamon. But from exporting cinnamon it can achieve only an annual income around 100 million of US dollars. Then it comes to apparel, tea, diamonds, gem and jewelries. But these are not sufficient to achieve the aim of US dollars 18 billion exports by 2016. So to be the â€Å"Economic Miracle of Asia†, Sri Lanka has to differentiate its exporting items using new technologies as mentioned above. Lack of entrepreneurs is another constraint of being the â€Å"Economic Miracle of Asia†. Entrepreneurs should have the ability to take a risk of their own money and time to start and operate a business with the belief of that their business idea will make a profit. For that they should have a basic idea about the real economic level of country and the real direction country going on. Without knowing that, people cannot help for the country with their best. Currently we can see many politicians try to protect their power and do not recover the truth of the economy of the country and do not say the real duty of people have to do on behalf of our country. So without a better guidance people don’t like to become entrepreneurs and as well as they do not compel to contribute their maximum for the betterment of the country. As an example we all know in the government sector most of people do their works in a lazy manner. In the final hour of the working time they do almost no thing profitable. Till stopping this time wasting and giving a true feeling about the country to the hearts of its people we cannot make this country as the â€Å"Economic Miracle of Asia†. In Singapore even a taxi driver knows the current direction of their country going on and their targets. So they contribute hardly to the development of their country. In Sri Lanka we can’t see such situation. So lack of the feelings and lack of awareness of the direction of the country going on is a major constraint to Sri Lanka of being the â€Å"Economic Miracle of Asia† within next few years. Tourism is another source of income in Sri Lanka. The government is more targeting on this side and getting profits. But some people bother the tourists and try to earn some money from them. So the prestige of our country faces a problem. It can lead for the reduction of income due to tourism. Then it will cause to the reduction of economic of the country. The population of a country can cause its economic level. When considering Sri Lankan population we can see a gradual growth up to January 2012 and suddenly it is decreased when it comes to January 2013. We cannot say a high population gives more income to the country; it depends on the GDP level. But on the other hand low population gives a low contribution to the labour force of the country. As well as current young generation tends work in an air conditioned area. They will work in a shop even for a lower payment. They do not like to work hard. This is a bad situation for the industries which have a good willing to contribute to the development of the country. A main reason for that is, most of them are suffering from lack of technological education. So the government has a responsibility to upgrade skills of the work force, by that building a productive and competitive work force, capable of working with the changing dynamics of the world economy. Then they can really work for the country with their maximum. Those are the Sri Lanka’s main constraints to be an â€Å"Economic Miracle of Asia† within next few years: http://www.tradingeconomics.com/sri-lanka/gdp-growth-annual http://investineast.lk/sri-lankan-economy/# http://www.ips.lk/talkingeconomics/2011/06/16/accelerating-economic-growth-in-sri-lanka/ http://www.therepublicsquare.com/business/2013/11/25/sri-lanka-expects-over-7-bn-income-from-migrant-workers-for-2013/ http://www.ft.lk/2013/07/10/govt-says-new-standards-for-ceylon-cinnamon-to-boost-sri-lankas-exports/ http://www.slideshare.net/HeatherP/four-factors-of-economic-growth-10375773 http://island.lk/index.php?page_cat=article-detailspage=article-detailscode_title=37059 http://www.ceylontoday.lk/22-23116-news-detail-sri-lankas-momento-magico.html Clues for conclusions Sri Lanka cannot achieve its target of being the economic miracle of asia within the next few years. Lack of usnig technology, people’s low attitude about the country and lack of their awareness bout the real economic situation of the country, less entrepreneurships, less no of exporting items, importing most of goods, less nvesting on the industrial productions are the main constraints.